Remarks
RotaryEncoderWithButton | |
---|---|
Status | |
Source code | GitHub |
NuGet package |
Rotary encoders are similar in form factor to potentiometers, but instead of modifying a voltage output, they send a digital signal encoded using Gray Code when rotated that can be decoded to ascertain the direction of turn.
Rotary encoders have several advantages over potentiometers as input devices, namely:
- They’re more power efficient; they only use power when actuated.
- They’re not rotation-bound; they spin infinitely in either direction.
- Many rotary encoders also have a built-in pushbutton.
Rotary encoders are used almost exclusively on things like volume knobs on stereos.
And because they’re not rotation bound, they are especially useful in the case in which a device might have multiple inputs to control the same parameter. For instance, a stereo’s volume might be controlled via a knob and a remote control. If a potentiometer were used for the volume knob, then the actual volume could get out of synch with the apparent value on the potentiometer when the volume was changed via the remote.
For this reason, rotary encoders are particularly useful in connected things, in which parameters might be controlled remotely.
Code Example
protected int value = 0;
protected RotaryEncoderWithButton rotaryEncoder;
public override Task Initialize()
{
Console.WriteLine("Initializing Hardware...");
// Note: on the rotary encoder in the hack kit, the pinout is as
// follows:
//
// | Encoder Name | Driver Pin Name |
// |--------------|-----------------|
// | `SW` | `buttonPin` |
// | `DT` | `aPhasePin` |
// | `CLK` | `bPhasePin` |
// initialize the encoder
rotaryEncoder = new RotaryEncoderWithButton(Device, Device.Pins.D07, Device.Pins.D08, Device.Pins.D06);
//==== Classic Events
rotaryEncoder.Rotated += RotaryEncoder_Rotated;
//==== IObservable
var observer = RotaryEncoder.CreateObserver(
handler: result => { Console.WriteLine("Observer triggered, rotation has switched!"); },
// only notify if the rotation has switched (a little contrived, but a fun use of filtering)
filter: result => result.Old != null && result.New != result.Old.Value
// for all events, pass null or return true for filter:
//filter: null
);
rotaryEncoder.Subscribe(observer);
rotaryEncoder.Clicked += (s, e) => Console.WriteLine("Button Clicked");
rotaryEncoder.PressEnded += (s, e) => Console.WriteLine("Press ended");
rotaryEncoder.PressStarted += (s, e) => Console.WriteLine("Press started");
Console.WriteLine("Hardware initialization complete.");
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
private void RotaryEncoder_Rotated(object sender, RotaryChangeResult e)
{
switch (e.New)
{
case RotationDirection.Clockwise:
value++;
Console.WriteLine("/\\ Value = {0} CW", value);
break;
case RotationDirection.CounterClockwise:
value--;
Console.WriteLine("\\/ Value = {0} CCW", value);
break;
}
}
Sample project(s) available on GitHub
Two-bit Gray Code
This rotary encoder driver works with most rotary encoders which return a two-bit Gray Code which is the minimum number of bits necessary to describe direction. Most common rotary encoders use two-bit Gray Code, so this driver should work with most common rotary encoders.
PushButton
Some rotary encoders, such as the ones pictured above, have an integrated push button. This driver exposes that button as a PushButton via the Button property.
The following example shows how to register event handlers to print in the console when pressing and relasing the push button:
public class MeadowApp : App<F7Micro, MeadowApp>
{
protected RotaryEncoderWithButton _rotary = null;
protected PwmLed _led = null;
// how much to change the brightness per rotation step.
// 0.05 = 20 clicks to 100%
protected float _brightnessStepChange = 0.05F;
public MeadowApp()
{
// instantiate our peripherals
_rotary = new RotaryEncoderWithButton(Device, Device.Pins.D07, Device.Pins.D08, Device.Pins.D06);
_rotary.Rotated += RotaryRotated;
_rotary.Clicked += RotaryClicked;
_led = new PwmLed(Device.Pins.D12, TypicalForwardVoltage.Red);
}
protected void RotaryRotated(object sender, RotaryTurnedEventArgs e)
{
// if clockwise, turn it up! clamp to 1, so we don't go over.
if (e.Direction == RotationDirection.Clockwise)
{
if(_led.Brightness >= 1)
{
return;
}
else
{
_led.SetBrightness((_led.Brightness +
_brightnessStepChange).Clamp(0,1));
}
}
else // otherwise, turn it down. clamp to 0 so we don't go below.
{
if (_led.Brightness <= 0)
{
return;
}
else
{
_led.SetBrightness((_led.Brightness -
_brightnessStepChange).Clamp(0,1));
}
}
}
private void RotaryClicked(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (_led.Brightness > 0)
{
_led.SetBrightness(0f);
}
else
{
_led.SetBrightness(_lastOnBrightness);
}
}
}
Sample projects available on GitHub
Wiring Example
<img src="../../API_Assets/Meadow.Foundation.Sensors.Rotary.RotaryEncoderWithButton/RotaryEncoderWithButton_Fritzing.svg"
Characteristic | Locus |
---|---|
Inheritance | System.Object ObservableBase<RotationDirection> RotaryEncoder > RotaryEncoderWithButton |
Implements | IRotaryEncoder IRotaryEncoderWithButton |
Inherited Members | RotaryEncoder.Rotated RotaryEncoder.APhasePort RotaryEncoder.BPhasePort RotaryEncoder.LastDirectionOfRotation ObservableBase<RotationDirection>.observers ObservableBase<RotationDirection>.NotifyObservers(IChangeResult<RotationDirection>) ObservableBase<RotationDirection>.Subscribe(IObserver<IChangeResult<RotationDirection>>) ObservableBase<RotationDirection>.CreateObserver(Action<IChangeResult<RotationDirection>>, Nullable<Predicate<IChangeResult<RotationDirection>>>) |
Namespace | Meadow.Foundation.Sensors.Rotary |
Assembly | Meadow.Foundation.dll |
Syntax
public class RotaryEncoderWithButton : RotaryEncoder, IRotaryEncoder, IRotaryEncoderWithButton
Constructors
RotaryEncoderWithButton(IDigitalInputController, IPin, IPin, IPin, ResistorMode)
Instantiates a new RotaryEncoder on the specified pins that has an integrated button.
Declaration
public RotaryEncoderWithButton(IDigitalInputController device, IPin aPhasePin, IPin bPhasePin, IPin buttonPin, ResistorMode buttonResistorMode = null)
Parameters
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
IDigitalInputController | device | |
IPin | aPhasePin | |
IPin | bPhasePin | |
IPin | buttonPin | |
ResistorMode | buttonResistorMode |
Properties
Button
Returns the PushButton that represents the integrated button.
Declaration
public PushButton Button { get; }
Property Value
Type | Description |
---|---|
PushButton |
LongClickedThreshold
The minimum duration for a long press.
Declaration
public TimeSpan LongClickedThreshold { get; set; }
Property Value
Type | Description |
---|---|
TimeSpan |
State
Returns the push button's state
Declaration
public bool State { get; }
Property Value
Type | Description |
---|---|
System.Boolean |
Methods
ButtonClicked(Object, EventArgs)
Method when button is clicked (down then up)
Declaration
protected void ButtonClicked(object sender, EventArgs e)
Parameters
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
System.Object | sender | sender object |
EventArgs | e | event arguments |
ButtonPressEnded(Object, EventArgs)
Method called when button press is started (up state)
Declaration
protected void ButtonPressEnded(object sender, EventArgs e)
Parameters
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
System.Object | sender | sender object |
EventArgs | e | event arguments |
ButtonPressStarted(Object, EventArgs)
Method called when button press is started (down state)
Declaration
protected void ButtonPressStarted(object sender, EventArgs e)
Parameters
Type | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
System.Object | sender | sender object |
EventArgs | e | event arguments |
Events
Clicked
Raised when the button circuit is re-opened after it has been closed (at the end of a �press�.
Declaration
public event EventHandler Clicked
Event Type
Type | Description |
---|---|
EventHandler |
LongClicked
Raised when the button circuit is pressed for LongPressDuration.
Declaration
public event EventHandler LongClicked
Event Type
Type | Description |
---|---|
EventHandler |
PressEnded
Raised when a press ends (the button is released; circuit is opened).
Declaration
public event EventHandler PressEnded
Event Type
Type | Description |
---|---|
EventHandler |
PressStarted
Raised when a press starts (the button is pushed down; circuit is closed).
Declaration
public event EventHandler PressStarted
Event Type
Type | Description |
---|---|
EventHandler |